Timor Leste

Republik Demokratik Timor-Leste
*República Democrática de Timor-Leste* (Portugis)
*Repúblika Demokrátika de Timór-Leste* (Tetum)
Republik Demokratik Timor-Leste República Democrática de Timor-Leste (Portugis); Repúblika Demokrátika de Timór-Leste (Tetum);
	Menira Emblem
	Rambai jaku: Unidade, Acção, Progresso (Portugis); "Unity, Action, Progress"
	Anthem: Pátria (Portugis); "Fatherland"
Indu menua enggau nengeri ke pemadu besai	Dili; 8°33′S 125°34′E / 8.55°S 125.56°E
Jaku resmi	Portugis; Tetuma;
Jaku-jaku Nasional	15 bengkah jaku Atauru; Baikeno; Bekais; Bunak; Fataluku; Galoli; Habun; Idalaka; Kawaimina; Kemak; Makalero; Makasae; Makuva; Mambai; Tokodede; ;
Working languages	Inggeris; Indonesia;
Pengarap (2015 census)	99.53% Kristian 97.57% Katolik; 1.96% Protestan; ; ; 0.24% Islam; 0.23% ke bukai;
Demonim	East Timorese; Timorese; Maubere (informal);
Perintah	Unitary semi-presidential republic
• President	José Ramos-Horta
• Prime Minister	Xanana Gusmão
Dewan Undangan Negeri	National Parliament
Independence from Portugal and Indonesia
• Portuguese Timor	Early 18th century
• Independence declared	28 November 1975
• Annexation by Indonesia	17 July 1976
• Administered by UNTAET	25 October 1999
• Independence restored	20 May 2002
Menua
• Pemesai	14,950 km2 (5,770 bt2) (154th)
• Ai (%)	Negligible
Penyampau tubuh
• 2023 estimate	1,354,662 (153rd)
• 2022 census	1,341,737
• Pemayuh tubuh	89.7/km2 (232.3/sq mi) (137th)
GDP (PPP)	2023 estimate
• Total	$5 billion (173rd)
• Per capita	$3,747 (157th)
GDP (nominal)	2023 estimate
• Total	$2 billion (183rd)
• Per capita	$1,497 (151st)
Gini (2014)	28.7; low
HDI (2022)	0.566; medium · 155th
Mata duit	Dollar Amerika Serikatb (USD)
Zon jam	UTC+9 (Jam Timor-Leste)
Tisi deriba	kiba
Kod talipaun	+670
Kod ISO 3166	TL
TLD Internet	.tlc
	Fifteen further "national languages" are recognised by the Constitution; Syiling Centavo dikena mega; Former use of .tp has been phased out;

Timor Leste, enggau nama resmi Republik Demokratik Timor-Leste, iya nya sebengkah menua ba Asia Tenggara. Iya mungkur setengah timur pulau Timor, eksklaf Oecusse ba sepiak setengah barat laut pulau nya, enggau pulau mit Atauro enggau Jaco. Setengah barat pulau Timor diperintah Indonesia. Australia nyadi menua sepiak selatan menua nya, diseraraka Tasik Timor. Pemesai menua tu iya nya 14,950 kilometer persegi (5,770 batu persegi). Dili, ba tebing tasik utara Timor, nyadi indu nengeri sereta nengeri ke pemadu besai ba menua nya.

Malin

↑ "Nationality, Citizenship, and Religion". Government of Timor-Leste. 25 October 2015. Diarkib ari asal on 14 July 2019. Diambi 29 January 2020.
↑ Hicks, David (15 September 2014). Rhetoric and the Decolonization and Recolonization of East Timor. Routledge. ISBN 9781317695356. Diarkib ari asal ba 26 March 2023. Diambi 12 October 2020 – via Google Books.
↑ Adelman, Howard (28 June 2011). No Return, No Refuge: Rites and Rights in Minority Repatriation. Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231526906. Diarkib ari asal ba 26 March 2023. Diambi 12 October 2020 – via Google Books.
↑ Shoesmith, Dennis (2003). "Timor-Leste: Divided Leadership in a Semi-Presidential System". Asian Survey. 43 (2): 231–252. doi:10.1525/as.2003.43.2.231. Diarkib ari asal ba 14 April 2021. Diambi 24 August 2020. The semi-presidential system in the new state of Timor-Leste has institutionalized a political struggle between the president, Xanana Gusmão, and the prime minister, Mari Alkatiri. This has polarized political alliances and threatens the viability of the new state. This paper explains the ideological divisions and the history of rivalry between these two key political actors. The adoption of Marxism by Fretilin in 1977 led to Gusmão's repudiation of the party in the 1980s and his decision to remove Falintil, the guerrilla movement, from Fretilin control. The power struggle between the two leaders is then examined in the transition to independence. This includes an account of the politicization of the defense and police forces and attempts by Minister of Internal Administration Rogério Lobato to use disaffected Falintil veterans as a counterforce to the Gusmão loyalists in the army. The December 4, 2002, Dili riots are explained in the context of this political struggle.
↑ "Population by Age & Sex". Government of Timor-Leste. 25 October 2015. Diarkib ari asal on 25 January 2020. Diambi 29 January 2020.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. October 2023. Diambi December 10, 2023.
↑ "Gini Index coefficient". CIA World Factbook. Diarkib ari asal ba 17 July 2021. Diambi 16 July 2021.
↑ "HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2023-24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme (id jaku Inggeris). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. pp. 274–277.

[religion-1] "Nationality, Citizenship, and Religion". Government of Timor-Leste. 25 October 2015. Diarkib ari asal on 14 July 2019. Diambi 29 January 2020.

[2] Hicks, David (15 September 2014). Rhetoric and the Decolonization and Recolonization of East Timor. Routledge. ISBN 9781317695356. Diarkib ari asal ba 26 March 2023. Diambi 12 October 2020 – via Google Books.

[3] Adelman, Howard (28 June 2011). No Return, No Refuge: Rites and Rights in Minority Repatriation. Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231526906. Diarkib ari asal ba 26 March 2023. Diambi 12 October 2020 – via Google Books.

[Divided-4] Shoesmith, Dennis (2003). "Timor-Leste: Divided Leadership in a Semi-Presidential System". Asian Survey. 43 (2): 231–252. doi:10.1525/as.2003.43.2.231. Diarkib ari asal ba 14 April 2021. Diambi 24 August 2020. The semi-presidential system in the new state of Timor-Leste has institutionalized a political struggle between the president, Xanana Gusmão, and the prime minister, Mari Alkatiri. This has polarized political alliances and threatens the viability of the new state. This paper explains the ideological divisions and the history of rivalry between these two key political actors. The adoption of Marxism by Fretilin in 1977 led to Gusmão's repudiation of the party in the 1980s and his decision to remove Falintil, the guerrilla movement, from Fretilin control. The power struggle between the two leaders is then examined in the transition to independence. This includes an account of the politicization of the defense and police forces and attempts by Minister of Internal Administration Rogério Lobato to use disaffected Falintil veterans as a counterforce to the Gusmão loyalists in the army. The December 4, 2002, Dili riots are explained in the context of this political struggle.

[census-5] "Population by Age & Sex". Government of Timor-Leste. 25 October 2015. Diarkib ari asal on 25 January 2020. Diambi 29 January 2020.

[imf.org-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. October 2023. Diambi December 10, 2023.

[wb-gini-7] "Gini Index coefficient". CIA World Factbook. Diarkib ari asal ba 17 July 2021. Diambi 16 July 2021.

[8] "HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2023-24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme (id jaku Inggeris). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. pp. 274–277.

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