Templat:Kutak info bismut

	child table, as reused in {IB-Bi} v; e; h;
Isotop keterubah bismuth
	Templat:Kutak info isotop bismuth

Bismut, ₈₃Bi
Bismut
Gaya	lustrous brownish silver
Pemerat atom standard Ar°(Bi)
	208.98040±0.00001; 208.98±0.01 (abridged);
Bismut dalam jadual bemansa
Lumur atom (Z)	83
Raban	raban 15 (raban pniktogen)
Mansa	mansa 6
Blok	p-block
Konfigurasyen elektron	[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Elektron tiap pabung	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Penteba fizikal
Fasa ba PTS	solid
Taka lebur	544.7 K (271.5 °C, 520.7 °F)
Taka gesak	1837 K (1564 °C, 2847 °F)
Penias (at 20° C)	9.807 g/cm3
lebuh chechair (ba t.l.)	10.05 g/cm3
Pengangat gempung	11.30 kJ/mol
Pengangat pengewap	179 kJ/mol
Buat pengangat molar	25.52 J/(mol·K)
Buat pengangat tentu	122.117 J/(kg·K)
Penteba atom
Gaya oksidisasyen	suah: +3; −3, −2, −1, +1, +2, +4, +5
Elektronegativiti	Pauling scale: 2.02
Energi ionisasyen	1st: 703 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1610 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 2466 kJ/mol ; (more) ;
Jejari atom	empirical: 156 pm
Jejari kovalen	148±4 pm
Jejari Van der Waals	207 pm
	Taris spektrum bismut
Penteba bukai
Penyadi asal	primordial
Struktur kristal	rhombohedral (hR2)
Lattice constants	a = 0.47458 nm; α = 57.236°; ah = 0.45462 nm; ch = 1.18617 nm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	13.09×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	7.97 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	1.29 µΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	−280.1×10−6 cm3/mol
Young's modulus	32 GPa
Shear modulus	12 GPa
Bulk modulus	31 GPa
Pengelaju munyi thin rod	1790 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio	0.33
Mohs hardness	2.25
Brinell hardness	70–95 MPa
Lumur CAS	7440-69-9
History
Pemeri nama	possibly from German Wismuth, itself perhaps from weiße Masse, "white mass"
Penemu	Arabic alchemists[sitasyen patut disediaka] (before AD 1000)
Isotop bismut v; e;
	Nadai Templat:kutak info isotop bismut
	Kategori: Bismut; view; talk; edit; \| references

Bi · Bismuth
Templat:Infobox element/symbol-to-wl ← [[Template:Infobox_\|ibox Templat:Infobox element/symbol-to-symbol-NESW]]	Templat:Element cell/index/element-navigation	→ Templat:Infobox element/symbol-to-wl [[Template:Infobox_\|ibox Templat:Infobox element/symbol-to-symbol-NESW]]
cat:Bi (0) cat:Bi-isotopes (0) Commons [[:wikidata:Templat:Infobox element/symbol-to-QID\|Wikidata:Templat:Infobox element/symbol-to-QID]] Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page) Templat:Right

Set data dibacha Templat:Tlf
Nama enggau pengelala	view edit
Etimologi simbol (11 non-trivial)	view edit
Top image (caption, alt)	caption: view edit alt: view edit
Pronunciation	view edit
Allotropes (overview)	view edit
Group (overview)	view edit
Period (overview)	view edit
Block (overview)	view edit
Natural occurrence	view edit
Phase at STP	view edit
Oxidation states	view edit
Spectral lines image	view edit
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)	view edit
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight	view edit
most stable isotope	view edit
Wikidata
Wikidata *	view edit
* Enda dikena dalam Templat:Tlf (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (0) · (this table: v )

Notes

↑ The thermal expansion is anisotropic: the coefficients for each crystal axis (at 20 °C) are α_ah = 11.26×10⁻⁶/K, α_ch = 16.74×10⁻⁶/K, and α_average = α_volume/3 = 13.09×10⁻⁶/K.

Templat:Template reference list

↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Bismuth". CIAAW. Templat:Infobox element/symbol-to-saw/year-changed. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in Inggeris). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Bi(−2) and Bi(−1) occur in Zintl phases, e.g. (Ca²⁺)₂₂[Bi₄]⁴⁻([Bi₂]⁴⁻)₄[Bi³⁻]₈; see Ponou, Siméon (2006). "Germanides, Germanide-Tungstate Double Salts and Substitution Effects in Zintl Phases". Technische Universität München. Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie mit Schwerpunkt Neue Materialien. p. 68.
↑ Bi(I) has been observed in organobismuth compounds; see Šimon, Petr; de Proft, Frank; Jambor, Roman; Růžička, Aleš; Dostál, Libor (2010). "Monomeric Organoantimony(I) and Organobismuth(I) Compounds Stabilized by an NCN Chelating Ligand: Syntheses and Structures". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 49 (32): 5468–5471. doi:10.1002/anie.201002209. PMID 20602393.
↑ Bi(+2) has been observed in dibismuthines (R₂Bi—BiR₂), see Ashe, Arthur J. III (1990). "Thermochromic Distibines and Dibismuthines". Advances in Organometallic Chemistry. 30: 77–97. doi:10.1016/S0065-3055(08)60499-2. ISBN [[Special:BookSources/Templat:Format ISBN|[[:Templat:Format ISBN]]]]. {{cite journal}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)
↑ Bi(IV) has been observed; see A. I. Aleksandrov, I. E. Makarov (1987). "Formation of Bi(II) and Bi(IV) in aqueous hydrochloric solutions of Bi(III)". Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Division of Chemical Science. 36 (2): 217–220. doi:10.1007/BF00959349. S2CID 94865394.
↑ Templat:Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

[9] The thermal expansion is anisotropic: the coefficients for each crystal axis (at 20 °C) are α_ah = 11.26×10⁻⁶/K, α_ch = 16.74×10⁻⁶/K, and α_average = α_volume/3 = 13.09×10⁻⁶/K.

[CIAAWbismuth-1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Bismuth". CIAAW. Templat:Infobox element/symbol-to-saw/year-changed. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in Inggeris). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[Arblaster_2018-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.

[BiPonou-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Bi(−2) and Bi(−1) occur in Zintl phases, e.g. (Ca²⁺)₂₂[Bi₄]⁴⁻([Bi₂]⁴⁻)₄[Bi³⁻]₈; see Ponou, Siméon (2006). "Germanides, Germanide-Tungstate Double Salts and Substitution Effects in Zintl Phases". Technische Universität München. Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie mit Schwerpunkt Neue Materialien. p. 68.

[5] Bi(I) has been observed in organobismuth compounds; see Šimon, Petr; de Proft, Frank; Jambor, Roman; Růžička, Aleš; Dostál, Libor (2010). "Monomeric Organoantimony(I) and Organobismuth(I) Compounds Stabilized by an NCN Chelating Ligand: Syntheses and Structures". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 49 (32): 5468–5471. doi:10.1002/anie.201002209. PMID 20602393.

[6] Bi(+2) has been observed in dibismuthines (R₂Bi—BiR₂), see Ashe, Arthur J. III (1990). "Thermochromic Distibines and Dibismuthines". Advances in Organometallic Chemistry. 30: 77–97. doi:10.1016/S0065-3055(08)60499-2. ISBN [[Special:BookSources/Templat:Format ISBN|[[:Templat:Format ISBN]]]]. {{cite journal}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)

[7] Bi(IV) has been observed; see A. I. Aleksandrov, I. E. Makarov (1987). "Formation of Bi(II) and Bi(IV) in aqueous hydrochloric solutions of Bi(III)". Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Division of Chemical Science. 36 (2): 217–220. doi:10.1007/BF00959349. S2CID 94865394.

[GE28-8] Templat:Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd

[10] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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