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Mahathir Mohamad

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Yang Amat Berbahagia Tun Dr.
Mahathir Mohamad
SMN DK I (Johor) DK (Kedah) DKNS DK (Perlis) DK I (Brunei) DUK SUMW DUNM DUPN SPDK SBS SPMJ DP SSDK SPNS SSAP SPCM SSMT PIS
محاضير محمد
Mahathir maya taun 2018
Prime Minister of Malaysia
Megai pengawa
10 May 2018 – 24 February 2020
Interim: 24 February – 1 March 2020
Raja
SapitWan Azizah Wan Ismail
DiduluNajib Razak
DigantiMuhyiddin Yassin
Megai pengawa
16 Julai 1981 – 31 Oktober 2003
Raja
Sapit
DiduluHussein Onn
DigantiAbdullah Ahmad Badawi
Political offices held
Chairman ke-1 Homeland Fighter's Party
Megai pengawa
12 Ogos 2020 – 17 Disember 2022
PresidenMukhriz Mahathir
DiduluPengawa ditumbuhka
DigantiPosition vacant
Chairman ke-1 Pakatan Harapan
Megai pengawa
14 July 2017 – 24 February 2020
PresidenWan Azizah Wan Ismail
DiduluPosition established
DigantiAnwar Ibrahim
Chairman of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party
Megai pengawa
7 September 2016 – 28 May 2020[note 1]
PresidenMuhyiddin Yassin
DiduluPosition established
DigantiMuhyiddin Yassin (acting)
President of the United Malays National Organisation
Megai pengawa
28 June 1981 – 31 October 2003
Sapit
  • Musa Hitam
  • Ghafar Baba
  • Anwar Ibrahim
  • Abdullah Ahmad Badawi
DiduluHussein Onn
DigantiAbdullah Ahmad Badawi
Ministerial roles
1974–1978Minister of Education
1976–1981Deputy Prime Minister
1978–1981Minister of Trade and Industry
1981–1986Minister of Defence
1986–1999Minister of Home Affairs
1998–1999Minister of Finance
2001–2003Minister of Finance
2020Acting Minister of Education
Other roles
2003Secretary-General of the Non-Aligned Movement
Penerang diri
Ada
Mahathir bin Mohamad

(1925-07-10) 10 Julai 1925 (umur 100)
Alor Setar, Kedah, Unfederated Malay States
Peranak menuaMalaysian
Parti politik
  • UMNO (1946‍–‍1969, 1972‍–‍2008, 2009‍–‍2016)
  • BERSATU (2017‍–‍2020)
  • PEJUANG (2020‍–‍2023)
  • PUTRA (since 2023)
Pegai parti politik
ke bukai
  • BN (1946‍–‍1969, 1972‍–‍2008, 2009‍–‍2016)
  • PH (2017‍–‍2020)
  • GTA (2022‍–‍2023)
  • Independent (1969‍–‍1972, 2008‍–‍2009, 2016, 2020, 2023)
KalingSiti Hasmah Mohamad Ali (j. 1956)
Anak7, including Marina, Mokhzani and Mukhriz
Apai Indai
MenyadiIsmail Mohamed Ali (brother-in-law)
Palan pendiauNo. 58, Mines Resort City, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
PelajarSultan Abdul Hamid College
Alma materKing Edward VII College of Medicine (MBBS)
Gawa
  • Politician
  • author
  • doctor
AnugerahFull list
Laman webthechedet.com

Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad (Jawi: ‏محاضير بن محمد‎‎, IPA: [maˈhaðɪr bɪn moˈhamad]; ada maya 10 Julai 1925) tau mega dikelala enggau nama "Tun M" iya nya siku doktor enggau raban politik Malaysia ke megai pengawa Menteri Besai Malaysia ke-4 (1981-2003) enggau ke-7 (2018-2020). Gawa iya sepemayuh 2 kali enggau 24 taun nyadika iya Menteri Besai Malaysia ke pemadu lama begawa lalu orang keterubah ti megai pengawa nya 2 kali.

Ada lalu dibesaika ba Alor Setar, Kedah, Mahathir nyulut ba sekula lalu nyadi lutur. Iya regas dalam Gerempung Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu (UMNO) sebedau masuk parlimen Malaysia dalam taun 1964. Iya mangku pengawa sepenggal sebedau lenyau penuduk, udah nya labuh enggau Menteri Besai Tunku Abdul Rahman lalu dibuai ari UMNO. Dalam taun 1970, iya ngeluarka bup The Malay Dilemma. Lebuh Abdul Rahman nyurutka diri, Mahathir masuk baru dalam UMNO enggau parlimen, lalu ditikika pangkat nyadi Menteri Pelajar ari taun 1974 ngagai 1978 enggau Menteri Dagang enggau Industri ari taun 1978 ngagai 1981. Iya nyadi sapit menteri besai dalam taun 1976 sebedau ngangkat sumpah nyadi menteri besai dalam taun 1978. 1981, gawa pengelama 22 taun.

Maya Mahathir keterubah iya megai pengawa, Malaysia ngasaika pengawa moden enggau penumbuh ekonomi lebuh perintah iya ngepunka pengawa nyemilik industri enggau siri projek infrastruktur ti berani. Mahathir nyadi siku orang politik ke nguasa, menang lima kali beturut-turut ba pengawa bepilih besai sereta ngelaban orang ke ngelaban iya nyadi ketuai UMNO. Iya neruska polisi pro-bumiputera, lalu ngemataka Malaysia ti chukup jampat mansang baru ari krisis wang Asia taun 1997. Nyadi menteri besai, iya siku orang ti mantaika nilai enggau model pemansang Asia, lalu kelebih agi tebilang di serata dunya Islam.

Pengidup tumu enggau pelajar

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Endur Mahathir ada ba Alor Setar
Mahathir maya iya sekula suba, 1939

Mahathir ada ba rumah apai indai iya ba Lorong Kilang Ais, Alor Setar, indu nengeri Kedah, maya 10 Julai 1925.[1][note 2] Indai iya, Wan Tempawan Wan Hanapi, nya orang Melayu ari Kedah. Apai iya, Mohamad Iskandar, orang peturun Melayu-India ari Pulau Pinang.[2] Aki Mahathir ba piak apai datai ari Kerala, India British. Iya nyadi menteri besai keterubah ke ukai ada dalam sebilik ti kaya tauka tebilang dalam sukut pengarap tauka politik.[3][4] Mohamad Iskandar nyadi pala sekula sekondari ti ngena jaku English, ti ngembuan status kelas tengah baruh reti nya bala anak indu iya enda ulih masuk sekula sekondari. Wan Tempawan semina ngembuan kaul ti jauh enggau bala kaban ari raban ari raban diraja Kedah. Kededua seduai iya udah kala bebini sebedau tu. Mahathir ada enggau enam iku menyadi setengah enggau dua iku menyadi penuh.[5] Rumah iya maya agi mit, ke bisi bilik tinduk bekunsi tunggal sereta nadai bekal karan, udah nya ditukar nyadi palan dagang temuai lalu dibuka ngagai mensia mayuh.[6][7]

Mahathir berengkah belajar ba Sekula Lelaki Melayu Seberang Perak dalam taun 1930.[7] Mahathir seiku nembiak ke rajin gawa. Disiplin ke diberi apai iya meransang iya belajar, lalu iya enda tentu rindu enggau lumba enggau main. Udah landik bejaku English jauh dulu ari kaban sekula primari iya, nyengkaum ngedit surat berita nembiak English sereta menang mayuh bengkah anugerah jaku,[8] iya menang pangku pengawa ba sekula sekondari ti dipilih ngena jaku English Sekula English Perintah dalam taun 1933.[7][9] Sekumbang sekula ke ditutup maya Jipun megai Malaya dalam Perang Dunya Kedua, iya ngepunka dagang mit, nyual kopi enggau pemakai baka pisang guring.[1]

Pengudah perang nya, Mahathir nembuka pelajar ba sekula sekondari enggau renggat pemadu tinggi lalu ngambi pelajar nyadi perubat ba Kolej Perubat King Edward VII di Singapura.[10] Mahathir belajarka bidang perubat ba endur ke dikumbai Universiti Malaya maya nya, udah nya diberi nama baru ngagai Universiti Singapura.[11] Lebuh universiti nya meri iya gelar basa dalam bulan November 2018, iya madahka "Aku deka seruran beratka timpuh aku diau di Singapura semak enam taun."[12]

Mahathir enggau Hasmah maya taun 1953
Hari seduai Mahathir enggau Hasmah jadi (5 Ogos 1956)

Mahathir jadi enggau Hasmah dalam taun 1956, seduai iya udah betemu ba kolej perubat. Iya pulai ke Alor Setar dalam taun 1957 numbuhka praktikal iya, Klinik Maha.[7] Iya nyadi lutur Melayu keterubah ba mengeri tu sereta siku lutur ke mujur. Iya ngaga rumah besai, beranakka puku dalam mayuh macham pengawa dagang, lalu ngambi siku lelaki bansa China deriba iya ngena kerita Pontiac Catalina iya (tebal agi deriba maya nya orang Melayu).[13][14]

Pengawa perubat (1953–1959)

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The Straits Times ngeriput Mahathir nya entara 34 iku lutur baru ke graduet ari Universiti Malaya ba taun 1953

Pengudah nembuka pelajar dalam taun 1953 ari Universiti Malaya di Singapura, Mahathir berengkah gawa ba Sepital Besai Pulau Pinang.[15] Dalam taun 1954, iya dianjung ngagai Sepital Besai Alor Setar sebedau dipasukka ngagai klinik perintah di Langkawi, Jitra, enggau Perlis.[15] Sekumbang iya di Langkawi dalam taun 1955, Mahathir nyadi lutur keterubah ke diau ba pulau nya, meda gaya iya ke enda mansang—pengingat ke udah nya ngasuh iya ngubah iya nyadi palan dagang temuai ke besai lebuh iya nyadi Menteri Besai.[15] Lebuh ngenang pasal pengawa iya ke dulu suba, Mahathir madahka iya ngemeratka pengawa ari gaji, berengkah enggau RM400 nyadi pemesai perubat sebedau niki pangkat ngagai RM770.[16] Iya udah nya ngelengka pangku pengawa muka praktikal peribit iya, ke benama "Maha Klinik",[7] seraya bini iya gawa nyadi lutur perintah pengelama 25 taun. Maha Klinik nyadi klinik peribit keterubah ditumbuhka seiku orang Melayu di Malaysia.[17]

Mahathir bulih nama nyadi lutur ti siru, sanggup betelefon ngagai rumah sebarang jam, bejalai kaki nengah umai padi dalam petang ngubat pesakit. Enti sida enda ulih mayar yuran iya, sida netapka diri ngena chara ansuran tauka mayar utai ke bisi ba sida. Iya nyadi lutur Melayu keterubah ba mengeri tu sereta siku lutur ke mujur. Iya ngaga rumah besai lalu ngambi siku lelaki China nyadi deriba iya ngena kerita Pontiac Catalina iya (mayuh deriba maya nya orang Melayu).[18][14] Mahathir enggau Siti Hasmah mega bisi ngaul diri dalam aktiviti pengelantang enggau pengerai mensia mayuh. Iya kala nyadi Presiden Gerempung Tibi Kedah, ngabas bala pengereja pengawa India ba kebun getah dikena ngubat penyakit nya, seraya iya nyadi sukarelawan dalam Gerempung Perambu Ruang Bilik Kedah.[19] Enggau duit ari pengawa berubat iya, Mahathir ngelantangka diri enggau pengawa dagang iya lalu beranakka puku dalam pemansang reta tengkira, ngelumbung timah, siti stesyen minyak ti bisi francais, enggau sebuah kedai endur ngaga pengawa nyelak enggau jampat–kekadang dikena nyelamatka orang dagang Melayu ti napi penusah. Iya mantu numbuhka Balai Dagang Melayu lalu nyadi direktor.[20]

Penemu politik

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Maya taun 1980-an, iya siku penyukung ideologi Dunya Ketiga, lalu maya timpuh bukai iya udah nyadi siku penyukung "nilai-nilai Asia" enggau globalisasyen.[21]

Mahathir nyadi kritik vokal neoliberalisme[21] enggau Dunya Barat.[22][23] Dalam taun 2011, Mahathir meri perambu madahka serang 11 September nya engka dipejalaika perintah Amerika Syarikat.[24][25] Mahathir ngutuk Deklarasyen Hak Asasi Mensia Sedunya dalam taun 1997, lalu meri perambu ngambika iya diubah baru ngambika ngemeratka agi penumbuh ekonomi ari pengelepas sivil.[26]

Iya mega megai penemu politik Islam.[21] Dalam taun 2002, iya ngelaika diri nyadi siku fundamentalis Islam. Mahathir dipebasaka mayuh orang ba menua ti benung mansang enggau menua Islam,[23] kelebih agi ketegal pengawa iya ti ngemataka penumbuh ekonomi Malaysia enggau sukung iya ngagai nilai-nilai Islam ti liberal.[27]

Iya udah digambarka nyadi anti-royalis ulih Libération, ketegal pengawa iya ti mantah imuniti ungkup kaban monarki Malaysia.[28]

Nasionalisme Melayu

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Mahathir udah digambarka nyadi siku orang ti nyukung nasionalisme Melayu.[21] Dalam bup The Malay Dilemma, iya madahka bansa Melayu udah dikelaung, lalu mansutka sukung iya ngagai polisi afirmatif action ungkup sida.[29] Lebuh iya keterubah iya badu mangku pengawa, iya mantaika pengasa ati iya enggau penyulut ti udah digaga nuju "tugas prinsip" iya ti nyukung bansa Melayu.[29] Ba taun 2021, Mahathir madahka iya enda pechaya agi dalam "Ketuanan Melayu", ngumbai pekara nya "fantasi", lalu madahka iya pechaya ba "Bangsa Malaysia".[30] Iya udah nya nerangka dalam taun 2023, visyen iya pasal Bangsa Malaysia mai reti asimilasyen orang ukai Melayu ngagai budaya Melayu.[31] Ba taun 2025, Mahathir madahka, bansa Melayu udah lenyau kandang menua sida ngagai Thailand, Indonesia, enggau Singapura. Kelimpah ari nya, Mahathir madahka orang Melayu benung nyual tanah sida ngagai orang ukai Melayu. Pengujung iya, bansa Melayu deka diau ba ujung utan. Iya mega betanya reti Merdeka tu diempu orang bukai ukai diempu orang Melayu.[32][33]

Mahathir kala nyukung tauka nyereta mayuh bengkah gerempung hak Melayu, baka PERKASA (2008-2015),[34] ngulu Kongres Digniti Melayu (2019),[35] sereta numbuhka Komiti Sekretariat Melayu (2025).[36]

Pasal Malaysia Timur

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Kena 22 Disember 1981, Mahathir madahka zon jam Sabah enggau Sarawak manah agi ungkup Malaysia.[37] Kena 17 Februari 1991, Mahathir madahka UMNO enda deka tama Sarawak ketegal gaya politik ti Sarawak.[38] Kena 25 Ogos 1992, Mahathir madahka Sarawak ngetanka pemaik enggau penegap nyadi perintah besai mai pemansang ngagai Sarawak.[39] Kena 11 Oktober 1992, Mahathir madahka hak spesyel Sabah enggau Sarawak patut diperatika baru ngambika ulih diintegrasyen enggau manah agi ngagai Malaysia.[40] Kena 17 Mac 1996, Mahathir madahka perintah besai udah mai empat bengkah projek pemansang besai ngagai Sarawak iya nya projek Bakun, dua buah kilang pulp enggau keretas ba Bintulu enggau kebun kayu.[41]

Ba taun 2011, bekaul enggau Malaysia Timur minta sapit menteri besai, Mahatir madahka pengari nya patut ngemeratka pengawa meri servis ngagai rayat dulu.[42] Ba taun 2014, Mahatir madahka Kedah begunaka mayuh agi chukai minyak enti dibanding enggau Sarawak.[43] Ba Januari 2018, Mahathir ngaku pengawa bepusatka kuasa di Semenanjung Malaysia udah ngasuh enda chukup perati diberi ngagai Sabah enggau Sarawak.[44] Ba Ogos 2018, Mahathir madahka ketuai tamak di Sabah enggau Sarawak udah ngasuh nengeri-nengeri nyau mundur.[45] Ba taun 2024, Mahathir madahka menua sarawak ti bepenatai pemisi tinggi patut mantu nengeri ti seranta agi di Malaysia.[46] Ba taun 2025, Mahathir madahka Sarawak nyangka patut bulih mayuh agi ari pengeraja asal minyak enggau gis, tang iya enda patut ngelemika Petronas dalam proses nya. Pengawa berunding entara Premier Sarawak enggau menteri besai Malaysia bekaul enggau isu minyak enggau gis enda patut nyadi di belakang pintu tang patut dibai ngagai parlimen nganti nya.[47] Mahathir mega madahka minyak ukai dikeluarka Sarawak sebedau penumbuh Malaysia lalu Sarawak semina ulih ngulihka minyak enggau gis nya enggau pengelandik, puku, enggau infrastruktur ti disediaka perintah besai.[48]

Pengidup diri

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Mahathir nitihka gaya pengidup ti bisi disiplin. Iya ngumbai umur enggau pengerai iya panjai ketegal disiplin diri, pemakai ti dikawal, rindu macha enggau tetap ngambika runding iya meruan regas, sereta nyeliahka makai kelalu mayuh, laban iya pechaya tu ngasuh obesiti enggau penyakit bekaul nyadi.[49] Iya udah konsisten ngetanka pemerat tubuh iya ba 62 kg betaun-taun.[50] Hobi iya nyengkaum belayar, nepan kuda, enggau pengawa betukang, lalu iya udah ngaga tren stim enggau sampan.[8] Siku pemacha ti tegar, pengarang ti dikerinduka iya nya Wilbur Smith enggau Jeffrey Archer.[51]

Mahathir enggau Siti Hasmah sereta Joko Widodo enggau bini iya Iriana, 29 Jun 2018

Mahathir bekelala enggau bini iya, Siti Hasmah, lebuh sida belajar perubat, lalu sida bejadi ba taun 1956. Sida bisi empat anak kandung—Marina, Mirzan, Mokhzani, enggau Mukhriz—lalu ngangkat tiga iku anak—Melinda, Maizura, and Mazhar.[52] Ba taun 2021, seduai iya ngintu ulang taun ke-65 seduai iya jadi melaki bini.[53] Uchu iya, Ineza, udah nerangka iya seiku lelaki ti rinduka diri sebilik sereta rindu begulai enggau bala uchu iya.[54]

Mahathir dikelala mayuh ketegal ulah iya ti rindu gawa.[55] Taja pan jadual iya mar, iya rindu enggau pengawa ti mudah baka manduk sereta mai sida sebilik ngagai restoran.[56] Iya mega rindu lagu "My Way"[57] lalu ngembuan kandang kuda, ke tebal agi kuda nya diberi ngagai iya.[58] Rumah iya maya iya agi mit di Alor Setar, benama Rumah Kelahiran Mahathir Mohamad, dipulaika baru lalu dibuka ngagai mensia mayuh dalam taun 1992, mandangka pengingat diri ari pengidup iya ke dulu suba.[59]

Taja pan umur iya panjai, Mahathir udah ngasaika mayuh macham penanggul pengerai dalam timpuh bepuluh taun, sekeda ari nya balat. Tu nyengkaum penyakit ati enggau penyakit dada ti ngujungka iya suah diperubat ba sepital sereta beberapa prosedur bebuntas, nyengkaum dua operasyen bypass arteri koronari.[60] Iya mega kala nyadika tagit ke emba pengelikun sekumbang iya nyadi menteri lalu kelebih agi sekumbang iya nyadi menteri besai, taja pan nadai siti pan udah mai penusah ti balat ngagai iya.

Mahathir enda ngirup alkohol tauka nginsap.[61] Kena 10 Julai 2025, iya ngintu hari pengada iya ke-100 enggau ngaga podcast live spesye; ba opis iya di Putrajaya. Iya nerangka hari jadi iya keseratus nya "baka selama".[62] Pengerami nya ditanda enggau perati mensia mayuh sereta jaku tabi basa rasmi, nyengkaum ari Menteri Besai Anwar Ibrahim enggau kaban ke bukai ari perintah beserakup.[63] Ex-Menteri Besai Singapura Lee Hsien Loong mega ngenataika jaku selamat hari pengada iya ngagai Mahathir.[64]

Bup

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  • The Malay Dilemma (1970) ISBN 981-204-355-1
  • The Challenge (1986) ISBN 967-978-091-0
  • Regionalism, Globalism, and Spheres of Influence: ASEAN and the Challenge of Change into the 21st century (1989) ISBN 981-303-549-8
  • Mahathir, Great Malaysian Hero (1990) ISBN 983-9683-00-4
  • The Asia That Can Say No[note 3][note 4] (1994) ISBN 433-405-217-7
  • The Pacific Rim in the 21st century (1995)
  • The Challenges of Turmoil (1998) ISBN 967-978-652-8
  • The Way Forward (1998) ISBN 0-297-84229-3
  • A New Deal for Asia (1999)
  • Islam & The Muslim Ummah (2001) ISBN 967-978-738-9
  • Globalisation and the New Realities (2002)
  • Reflections on Asia (2002) ISBN 967-978-813-X
  • The Malaysian Currency Crisis: How and why it Happened (2003) ISBN 967-978-756-7
  • Mahathir: 22 Years, 22 Voices (2003)[65]
  • Dr Mahathir Mohamad - Father of Sports Development (2003)[66]
  • Achieving True Globalisation (2004) ISBN 967-978-904-7
  • Islam, Knowledge, and Other Affairs (2006) ISBN 983-3698-03-4
  • Principles of Public Administration: An Introduction (2007) ISBN 978-983-195-253-5
  • Chedet.com Blog Merentasi Halangan (Bilingual) (2008) ISBN 967-969-589-1
  • A Doctor in the House: The Memoirs of Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad[67] (2011) ISBN 9789675997228
  • Doktor Umum: Memoir Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad[68][note 5] (2012) ISBN 9789674150259
  • Blogging to Unblock (Book 2): A Citizen's Rights (2013) ISBN 9789679696288
  • Dr. M: Apa Habaq Orang Muda? (2016) ISBN 9789671367995
  • Capturing Hope: The Struggle Continues for a New Malaysia (2021)[69] ISBN 9789672923183
  • A Conversation with Tun Dr Mahathir bin Mohamad: A Legacy of Leadership and Vision[70] (2025) ISBN 9789670821436


Nota

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  1. ↑ Disputed with Muhyiddin Yassin from 24 February to 28 May 2020
  2. ↑ Mahathir's birth certificate gives his date of birth as 20 December. He was actually born on 10 July; his biographer Barry Wain explains that 20 December was an "arbitrary" date chosen by Mahathir's father for official purposes.[1]
  3. ↑ Japanese:「NO」と言えるアジア
  4. ↑ In collaboration with Shintaro Ishihara
  5. ↑ This book was the BM version of his best-selling memoir, A Doctor in the House: The Memoirs of Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad.

Kereban sanding

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Wain 2010, p. 8
  2. ↑ Lim, Ida (24 August 2024). "Dr Mahathir: I'm not ashamed to say I have some Indian blood, but I'm Malay". Malay Mail. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
  3. ↑ Wain 2010, pp. 5–6
  4. ↑ Perlez, Jane (2 November 2003). "New Malaysian Leader's Style Stirs Optimism". New York Times. Retrieved 12 January 2011.
  5. ↑ Wain 2010, pp. 4–5
  6. ↑ "Mahathir's Birthplace or 'Rumah Kelahiran Mahathir'". Tourism Malaysia. Archived from the original on 28 July 2019. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Alan Teh, Leam Seng (30 August 2018). "GO: Birthplace of Dr. M". New Straits Times. Archived from the original on 5 August 2023. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "The Spokesman: Mahathir Mohamad". Asiaweek. 30 November 2000. Archived from the original on 5 August 2023. Retrieved 5 August 2023.
  9. ↑ Wain 2010, pp. 6–7
  10. ↑ Wain 2010, pp. 10–12
  11. ↑ Gauhar, Altaf; Mohamad, Mahathir (1986). "Mahathir Mohamad". Third World Quarterly. 8 (1): 1–15. doi:10.1080/01436598608419886. ISSN 0143-6597. JSTOR 3991559. Archived from the original on 5 August 2023. Retrieved 5 August 2023.
  12. ↑ Yusof, Amir (13 November 2018). "NUS confers honorary degree on Malaysia's PM Mahathir". Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 28 November 2018. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  13. ↑ Wain 2010, pp. 11–13
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Beech, Hannah (29 October 2006). "Not the Retiring Type". Time. Archived from the original on 13 December 2012. Retrieved 4 February 2011.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 "Dr Mahathir is Langkawi and Langkawi is Dr Mahathir". www.themalaysianinsight.com. 2018-01-14.
  16. ↑ "Life's challenges, adversity help build Dr Mahathir's resilience". The Edge Malaysia. 2019-10-15.
  17. ↑ "M'sian keeps MC issued by ex-PM Mahathir from 1963, clinic still in operation today". Mothership. 2021-09-30.
  18. ↑ Wain 2010, pp. 11–13
  19. ↑ Barry Wain, Malaysian Maverick (2009): p.14
  20. ↑ Barry Wain, Malaysian Maverick (2009): p.15-16
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 Schottmann, Sven (2018). Mahathir's Islam: Mahathir Mohamad on Religion and Modernity in Malaysia. University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-4674-9. JSTOR j.ctvvn4z8. Archived from the original on 15 November 2022. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  22. ↑ "Malaysia's Mahathir says US seeking to provoke war in Taiwan". Associated Press. 19 August 2022. Archived from the original on 29 August 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 "Mahathir to launch war crimes tribunal". The Star (Associated Press). 31 January 2007. Archived from the original on 12 June 2008. Retrieved 14 January 2008.
  24. ↑ Roslan Rahman (11 September 2011). "Malaysia's Mahathir: 9/11 not work of Muslims". AFP News. Archived from the original on 9 November 2014. Retrieved 10 November 2014.
  25. ↑ AR, Zurairi (9 March 2015). "In Dr M's 'New World Order' meet, academics claim war on terror 'big US lie'". Malay Mail (in Inggeris). Archived from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  26. ↑ "Madeleine Albright Sings Out". The New York Times. 2 August 1997. Archived from the original on 4 January 2018. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
  27. ↑ Bowring, Philip (23 September 1998). "Twin Shocks Will Leave Their Mark on Malaysia". International Herald Tribune. Archived from the original on 11 June 2008. Retrieved 14 January 2008.
  28. ↑ Defranoux, Laurence. "Abdication surprise du roi de Malaisie". Libération (in Perancis). Archived from the original on 15 November 2022. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 "Mahathir Mohamad: The man who dominated Malaysian politics". BBC News (in Inggeris British). 8 May 2018. Archived from the original on 22 November 2022. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  30. ↑ "I don't believe in 'Ketuanan Melayu' fantasy, says Dr M". Free Malaysia Today. 12 December 2021. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  31. ↑ Tee, Kenneth (13 November 2023). "Citing Indonesia, Dr Mahathir says non-Malays should be assimilated and 'become Malays' as part of 'Bangsa Malaysia'". Malay Mail (in Inggeris). Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 14 November 2023.
  32. ↑ CS, Ming (1 May 2025). ""In the end, the Malays will live by the side of the jungle," says Mahathir". Archived from the original on 24 May 2025. Retrieved 24 May 2025.
  33. ↑ ""Tanah Melayu no longer ours?" – Mahathir's post sparks racial land ownership debate". Daily Express Sabah. 29 April 2025. Archived from the original on 24 May 2025. Retrieved 24 May 2025.
  34. ↑ "Dr Mahathir and Perkasa part ways, says source". The Malaysia Insider. 19 January 2015. Archived from the original on 24 June 2025. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
  35. ↑ "Dr Mahathir jelaskan mengapa hadir ke Kongres Maruah Melayu". Malaysia Now. 30 November 2020. Archived from the original on 19 Ogos 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
  36. ↑ Mohamed Radhi, Nor Ain (4 June 2025). "Dr M unveils new secretariat to 'unite Malays'". New Straits Times. Archived from the original on 5 June 2025. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
  37. ↑ Why Sabah and Sarawak time better - PM Dikeluarka New Straits Times ba 22 Disember 1981.
  38. ↑ Mahathir: UMNO to stay out of Sarawak Dikeluarka New Straits Times ba 17 Februari 1991.
  39. ↑ PM: Sarawak doing better than others Dikeluarka New Straits Times ba 25 Ogos 1992.
  40. ↑ PM: Special rights of Sabah and Sarawak meant to be temporary-review of priviledges Dikeluarka New Straits Times ba 11 Oktober 1992.
  41. ↑ PM: focus on developing Sarawak and Sabah Dikeluarka New Straits Times ba 17 Mac 1996
  42. ↑ Chieh, Yow Hong (27 October 2011). "East Malaysian DPM gratuitous, says Dr M". The Malaysian Insider. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
  43. ↑ 马哈迪：吉打更需要石油税 Dikeluarka Sin Chew Jit Poh. Diarkib maya 3 November 2024
  44. ↑ Review MA63 to provide Sarawak, Sabah more autonomy, development – Dr Mahathir Dikerluarka The Borneo Post. Diarkib maya 5 Jun 2021
  45. ↑ Dr Mahathir’s insult against Sabah, Sarawak is disgusting Dikeluarka New Straits Times. Diarkib maya 14 Ogos 2020
  46. ↑ High-income Sarawak must help poorer states, says Dr M Dikeluarka Free Malaysia Today. Diarkib maya ba 31 Oktober 2024
  47. ↑ Sarawak’s autonomy push must go through Parliament, says Dr M Dikeluarka Free Malaysia Today ba 9 Mei 2025. Diarkib maya 9 Mei 2025
  48. ↑ "Unlocking nation's oil resources a 'team effort', says Mahathir". Free Malaysia Today. 13 November 2025. Archived from the original on 21 November 2025. Retrieved 21 November 2025.
  49. ↑ "Dr Mahathir's recipe for a long healthy life". Malaysiakini. Bernama. 2019-12-15.
  50. ↑ "I've been 62kg for the past 40 years, says Dr M". Free Malaysia Today (in Inggeris). 2019-12-10.
  51. ↑ Lim, Ida (1 September 2019). "Pulled out of retirement, Dr M now settles for reading books instead of writing them". Malay Mail (in Inggeris). Archived from the original on 30 August 2023.
  52. ↑ Kaur, Kirat (12 July 2019). "5 Amazing Things about Dr Siti Hasmah you should know". The Rakyat Post. Archived from the original on 30 September 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  53. ↑ Subramaniam, Saktesh (2021-08-05). "From college mates, to soulmates: M'sia's oldest power couple mark 65 years of marriage". The Vibes (in Inggeris).
  54. ↑ Azam, Nadia (2019-09-13). "Berkenalan dengan Mahathir 'yang lagi satu'". Malaysiakini (in Melayu).
  55. ↑ "Mahathir a workaholic and compulsive reader, says wife". Malaysiakini. 2001-11-04.
  56. ↑ "Personality Spotlight: Malaysia's Prime Minister". UPI (in Inggeris). 1984-01-16.
  57. ↑ "Dr M greeted with a rendition of 'My Way' in Japan". Malaysiakini. 2018-08-07.
  58. ↑ "Dr M shares his fondness for horses, tramples on Najib". Malaysiakini. 2016-04-26.
  59. ↑ "PM's childhood home on show". New Straits Times. 1992-12-19.
  60. ↑ "Malaysia's ex-PM Mahathir discharged from hospital after checks: Source". The Straits Times (in Inggeris). 2024-11-15.
  61. ↑ "Dr M's tips for longevity? No smoking or alcohol, and plenty of reading". Malay Mail. 2017-05-22.
  62. ↑ Ng, Eileen (10 July 2025). "'Quite frightening': Malaysia's former leader Mahathir Mohamad turns 100 without slowing down". AP News. Retrieved 10 July 2025.
  63. ↑ "Happy 100th birthday, unity govt leaders wish Dr M". Free Malaysia Today (in Inggeris). 2025-07-10.
  64. ↑ "Singapore ex-PM Lee Hsien Loong extends birthday wishes to Dr Mahathir". NST Online (in Inggeris). 2025-07-10.
  65. ↑ "DPM launches book titled 'Mahathir: 22 Years, 22 Voices'". New Straits Times. 2003-10-11.
  66. ↑ "Book on Dr M's contribution to sports". New Straits Times. 2003-10-20.
  67. ↑ "Memoirs flying off the shelves". New Straits Times. 2011-03-10.
  68. ↑ "'Saya guna bahasa kampung'". Harian Metro (in Melayu). 2012-05-01.
  69. ↑ "In new book, Dr Mahathir recounts bid to revamp 'bloated' civil service, deal with rich officials left by Najib". Malay Mail. 2021-12-12.
  70. ↑ "INVITATION TO PERDANA LEADERSHIP FOUNDATION BOOK LAUNCH & SPECIAL DIALOGUE WITH YABHG TUN DR MAHATHIR BIN MOHAMAD". MREM Bernama. 2025-05-16.

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