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Kominisme

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Kominisme (ari Latin communis 'suah, universal')[1][2] nya ideologi politik enggau ekonomi ke alai juluk ati iya deka ngaga gerempung kominis, atur sosioekonomi bepelasarka pengempu begulai chara ngasilka barang, agih, sereta tukar ti ngagihka produk dalam raban rayat bepelasarka guna.[3][4][5] Gerempung kominis mai reti nadai reta kediri sereta kelas sosial,[1] lalu pengujung iya nadai ngena duit[6] enggau politi merintah.[7][8][9] kominisme nya bagi ari gerak sosialis ti besai agi.[1]

Kominis suah ngiga gaya merintah diri enggau bevoluntia tang enda setuju enggau chara dikena ngereja pengawa tu. Tu ngayanka pemida entara chara sosialis libertarian ti betukuh kominisasyen, spontan berevolusyen, enggau chrat atur diri pengereja pengawa, pia mega chara sosialis autoritarian, vanguardis, tauka chara ti dipejalaika parti deka numbuhka menua sosialis, ti dipelaba deka layu.[10] Parti-parti kominis diterangka nyadi sayap kiba radikal tauka kiba balat.[11][12][note 1]

Nota

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  1. ↑ Kominisme suah dianggap nyadi ideologi ti radikal agi ungkup politik sayap kiba.[13][14] Enda baka politik sayap kanan, ke alai bisi konsensus am entara bala pakar pasal utai ti dipegai iya enggau pengawa ngerumban iya (e.g. mayuh macham pansik bup pemuka akademik), politik sayap kiba udah tusah deka ditukuka, kelebih agi ba endur sida berengkah ba spektrum politik, kelimpah ari konsensus umum ti bediri ba sepiak kiba ari sepiak kiba politik standard, lalu ketegal mayuh penuduk sida enda ekstrim,[15] tauka ketegal sayap kiba enggau kiba amat dianggap nyadi pejoratif ti mai reti sida marginal.[16] Bekaul enggau kominisme enggau parti enggau gerak balai kominis, sekeda bala pakar nyempitka piak kiba ti jauh ngagai piak kiba sida, lalu sekeda agi nyengkaum sida enggau chara ngemesaika iya nyadi piak kiba arus perdana parti sosialis, sosial-demokratik, enggau parti buruh.[17] In general, they agree that there are various subgroupings within far-left politics, such as the radical left and the extreme left.[18][19]

Kereban sanding

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Ball & Dagger 2019.
  2. ↑ "Communism". World Book Encyclopedia. Vol. 4. Chicago: World Book. 2008. p. 890. ISBN 978-0-7166-0108-1.
  3. ↑ Ely, Richard T (1883). French and German socialism in modern times. New York: Harper & Brothers. pp. 35–36. OCLC 456632. All communists without exception propose that the people as a whole, or some particular division of the people, as a village or commune, should own all the means of production – land, houses, factories, railroads, canals, etc.; that production should be carried on in common; and that officers, selected in one way or another, should distribute among the inhabitants the fruits of their labor.
  4. ↑ Bukharin, Nikolai; Preobrazhensky, Yevgeni (1922) [1920]. "Distribution in the communist system" (PDF). The ABC of Communism. Translated by Paul, Cedar; Paul, Eden. London, England: Communist Party of Great Britain. pp. 72–73, § 20. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 February 2025. Retrieved 18 August 2021 – via Marxists Internet Archive.
  5. ↑ Steele (1992), p. 43: "One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption."
  6. ↑ Engels, Friedrich (2005) [1847]. "Section 18: What will be the course of this revolution?". The Principles of Communism. Translated by Sweezy, Paul. Archived from the original on 9 February 2025. Retrieved 18 August 2021 – via Marxists Internet Archive. Finally, when all capital, all production, all exchange have been brought together in the hands of the nation, private property will disappear of its own accord, money will become superfluous, and production will so expand and man so change that society will be able to slough off whatever of its old economic habits may remain.
  7. ↑ Bukharin, Nikolai; Preobrazhensky, Yevgeni (1922) [1920]. "Administration in the communist system" (PDF). The ABC of Communism. Translated by Paul, Cedar; Paul, Eden. London, England: Communist Party of Great Britain. pp. 73–75, § 21. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 February 2025. Retrieved 18 August 2021 – via Marxists Internet Archive.
  8. ↑ Kurian, George (2011). "Withering Away of the State". In Kurian, George (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Political Science. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. doi:10.4135/9781608712434. ISBN 978-1-933116-44-0. Retrieved 3 January 2016 – via SAGE Publishing.
  9. ↑ "Communism - Non-Marxian communism". Britannica. Archived from the original on 11 February 2025. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  10. ↑ Kinna, Ruth (2012). Berry, Dave; Kinna, Ruth; Pinta, Saku; Prichard, Alex (eds.). Libertarian Socialism: Politics in Black and Red. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 1–34. ISBN 9781137284754.
  11. ↑ March 2009, pp. 126–143.
  12. ↑ George & Wilcox 1996, p. 95
    "The far left in America consists principally of people who believe in some form of Marxism-Leninism, i.e., some form of Communism. A small minority of extreme leftists adhere to "pure" Marxism or collectivist anarchism. Most far leftists scorn reforms (except as a short-term tactic), and instead aim for the complete overthrow of the capitalist system including the U.S. government."
  13. ↑ "Left". Encyclopædia Britannica. 15 April 2009. Archived from the original on 5 February 2025. Retrieved 22 May 2022. ... communism is a more radical leftist ideology.
  14. ↑ "Radical left". Dictionary.com. Archived from the original on 10 February 2025. Retrieved 16 July 2022. Radical left is a term that refers collectively to people who hold left-wing political views that are considered extreme, such as supporting or working to establish communism, Marxism, Maoism, socialism, anarchism, or other forms of anticapitalism. The radical left is sometimes called the far left.
  15. ↑ March 2009, p. 126: "The far left is becoming the principal challenge to mainstream social democratic parties, in large part because its main parties are no longer extreme, but present themselves as defending the values and policies that social democrats have allegedly abandoned."
  16. ↑ March, Luke (2012). Radical Left Parties in Europe (E-book ed.). London: Routledge. p. 1724. ISBN 978-1-136-57897-7.
  17. ↑ Cosseron, Serge (2007). Dictionnaire de l'extrême gauche [Dictionary of the far left] (in Perancis) (paperback ed.). Paris: Larousse. p. 20. ISBN 978-2-035-82620-6. Retrieved 19 November 2021 – via Google Books.
  18. ↑ March 2009, p. 129.
  19. ↑ March, Luke (September 2012). "Problems and Perspectives of Contemporary European Radical Left Parties: Chasing a Lost World or Still a World to Win?". International Critical Thought. 2 (3). London: Routledge: 314–339. doi:10.1080/21598282.2012.706777.
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