Kazakhstan
Republik Kazakhstan | |
|---|---|
 Menira
.svg) Emblem
| |
| Anthem: Menıñ Qazaqstanym "My Kazakhstan" | |
| Indu menua | Astana 51°8′N 71°26′E / 51.133°N 71.433°E |
| Nengeri ti pemadu besai | Almaty 43°14′N 76°57′E / 43.233°N 76.950°E |
| Jaku resmi | |
| Raban bansa (2025)[2] | |
| Pengarap |
|
| Demonim |
|
| Perintah | Unitary presidential republic[lower-alpha 4] under an authoritarian government[9][10] |
| Kassym-Jomart Tokayev | |
| Oljas Bektenov | |
| Aum Kaunsil | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| Mäjilis | |
| Formation | |
| c. 1465 | |
| 26 August 1920 | |
| 5 December 1936 | |
• Independence from the Soviet Union | 16 December 1991 |
| 26 December 1991 | |
| 30 August 1995 | |
| Menua | |
• Pemesai | 2,724,900 km2 (1,052,100 bt2) (9th) |
• Ai (%) | 1.7 |
| Penyampau tubuh | |
• 2026 estimate |  20,495,975[11] (65th) |
• Pemayuh tubuh | 7.44/km2 (19.3/sq mi) (236th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2025 estimate |
• Total |  $904.500 billion[12] (37th) |
• Per capita | $44,450[12] (49th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2025 estimate |
• Total | $300.540 billion[12] (48th) |
• Per capita | $14,770[12] (64th) |
| Gini (2018) |  27.8[13]baruh |
| HDI (2023) | 0.837[14] amat tinggi · 60th |
| Mata duit | Tenge (₸) (KZT) |
| Zon jam | UTC+5 |
| Tisi deriba | right |
| Kod talipaun | +7 |
| Kod ISO 3166 | KZ |
| TLD Internet | |
Kazakhstan,[lower-alpha 5] tauka nama rasmi iya Republik Kazakhstan,[lower-alpha 6] nya sebengkah menua ti dikelingi tanah bepalan di Asia Tengah, enggau sekeda bagi menua nya bepalan di Eropah Timur.[lower-alpha 7] Menua tu bekunsi garis entara menua enggau Rusia ba piak barat enggau utara, China ba piak timur, Kirgizstan ba piak tenggara, Uzbekistan ba piak selatan, enggau Turkmenistan ba piak barat daya, lalu bisi pantai ba Tasik Kaspia. Indu menua tu iya nya Astana, sereta Almaty, mengeri pemadu besai menua tu sereta palan budaya enggau ekonomi ke besai, nyadi indu nengeri nyentuk taun 1997.
Nota
[edit | edit bunsu]- ↑ National language in all aspects of the whole territory of the state and in its international relations[1]
- ↑ Penyalat nyebut: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernamalanguage2 - ↑ "Kazakhstani" refers to all citizens of Kazakhstan, regardless of ethnicity.[6]
- ↑ Kazakhstan is de jure a presidential republic[7] according to the country's constitution;[8] but it is de facto a semi-presidential republic.
- ↑
- Kazakh: Қазақстан, Qazaqstan, pronounced [qɑzɑqsˈtɑn]
- Rusia: Казахстан, rumi: Kazakhstan, pronounced [kəzɐxˈstan]
- ↑
- ↑ About 4% of Kazakhstan's territory, west of the Ural River, lies in Eastern Europe.[15][7]
Kereban sanding
[edit | edit bunsu]- ↑ "Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Article 7". Akorda.kz. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
- ↑ "Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan by individual ethnic groups and age groups (at the beginning of 2025)". Government of Kazakhstan.
- ↑ 2021 жылғы Қазақстан Республикасы халқының ұлттық санағының қорытындылары [Results of the 2021 Population Census of the Republic of Kazakhstan] (in Kazakhstan). Agency of Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan National Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original on 2 September 2022. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
- ↑ Viktorova, Polina (30 November 2022). "How the Number of Believers Changed in Kazakhstan". CABAR.asia. The Institute for War & Peace Reporting. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
- ↑ Templat:Cite CIA World Factbook
- ↑ Schneider, Johann F.; Larsen, Knud S.; Krumov, Krum; Vazow, Grigorii (2013). [[[:Templat:GBurl]] Advances in International Psychology: Research Approaches and Personal Dispositions, Socialization Processes and Organizational Behavior] (in Inggeris). Kassel University Press. p. 164. ISBN 978-3-86219-454-4. Archived from the original on 27 February 2018.
{{cite book}}: Check|url=value (help) - ↑ 7.0 7.1 Templat:Cite CIA World Factbook
- ↑ "GOV.KZ".
- ↑ "Frontline democracy and the battle for Ukraine". Democracy Index 2022. The Economist Intelligence Unit. 2023. p. 50. Archived from the original on 10 February 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
- ↑ "Official website of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan". Archived from the original on 25 February 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
- ↑ "Kazakhstan's Population Reaches Almost 20.5 Million as of January (as of February 3, 2025)" (in Inggeris). astanatimes.com. 2026-02-03. Archived from the original on 4 February 2025. Retrieved 2026-02-05.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025" (in Inggeris). International Monetary Fund.
- ↑ "GINI index (World Bank estimate)". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Archived from the original on 18 May 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
- ↑ "Human Development Report 2025" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 6 May 2025. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
- ↑ Porter, Malcolm; Lye, Keith (2008). Asia. Cherrytree Books. p. 14. ISBN 978-1-84234-461-3. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 11 October 2021.