Pegi ngagai isi

Jaku Swahili

Edit link
Ari Wikipedia
Swahili
Kiswahili
كِسوَحِيلِ
SebutSwahili: [kiswɑˈhili] ⓘ
Dikena baTanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Mozambique, the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Bajuni Islands and Brava, southern Somalia[1][2]
SpeakersL1: 5.3 million (2019–2023)[2]
L2: 92 million (2019–2021)e27
Perugan jaku
Proto-Swahili[3]
Dialek
Status resmi
Jaku rasmi ba
4 countries
Organisations
Diaku jaku
minoriti ba
Diatur
Kod jaku
ISO 639-1sw
ISO 639-2swa
ISO 639-3swa – inclusive code
Individual codes:
swc – Congo Swahili
swh – Coastal Swahili
ymk – Makwe (?)
wmw – Mwani (?)
  • G.42–43;
  • G.40.A–H (pidgins & creoles)
[5]
Linguasphere99-AUS-m
Geographic-administrative extent of Swahili. Dark: native range (the Swahili coast). Medium green: Spoken by a majority alongside indigenous languages. Light green: Spoken by a minority.
Artikel tu ngundan lambang fonetik IPA. Enti nadai meri sukung ti betul, nuan engka meda tanda tanya, kutak, tauka lambang bukai nganti urup Unicode. Ngambika nemu panduan pemuka pasal lambang IPA, peda Bantu:IPA.

Jaku Swahili, tauka dikelala enggau nama Kiswahili baka ke disebut dalam jaku Swahili, iya nya jaku Bantu ke asal iya dikena orang Swahili, ke tebal agi ditemu ba Tanzania, Kenya, enggau Mozambique (semanjai tebing tasik Afrika Timur enggau pulau-pulau tebing tasik ke besepiak).[6] Anggar penyampau orang ke ngena jaku Swahili nyengkaum orang ke ngena jaku asal enggau jaku kedua, mayuh macham. Sida tu ba atur ke sebaka entara 150 juta ngagai 200 juta;[7] enggau tebal agi orang ke bejaku asal iya diau di Tanzania enggau Kenya.

Jaku Swahili ngembuan mayuh leka jaku tinjau ari jaku bukai, kelebih agi jaku Arab, pia mega ari jaku Portugis, Inggeris enggau Jereman. Urung 40% ari leka jaku Swahili bisi leka jaku tinjau jaku Arab,[8][9] nyengkaum nama jaku nya ( سَوَاحِلي sawāḥilī, siti tukuh adjektif mayuh ari leka jaku Arab ti mai reti ‘ari tebing tasik’). Jaku injau nya datai ari jeman kaul entara orang dagang Arab enggau peranak Bantu ba tebing tasik timur Afrika, ke mega timpuh maya jaku Swahili nyadi lingua franca ba pelilih menua nya.[10]

Ketegal pengawa ti begempung ari perintah Kenya enggau Tanzania, jaku Swahili nyadi siti ari tiga jaku rasmi (ke bukai iya nya jaku Inggeris enggau Peranchis) menua Komuniti Afrika Timur (EAC), iya nya Burundi, Republik Demokratik Kongo, Kenya, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan Selatan, Tanzania enggau Uganda. Iya nyadi lingua franca kandang endur bukai ba kandang Danau Besai Afrika enggau Afrika Timur enggau Selatan.[11][12][13] Jaku Swahili mega siti ari jaku kereja Serakup Afrika enggau Komuniti Pemansang Selatan Afrika. Komuniti Afrika Timur nempa sebuah institusyen ke dikumbai Komisyen Kiswahili Afrika Timur ti berengkah beoperasyen dalam taun 2015. Institusyen nya diatu nyadi raban ketuai dikena ngelakuka jaku nya ba kandang menua Afrika Timur, pia mega dikena ngatur pemansang enggau guna iya ungkup integrasyen kandang menua enggau pemansang meruan.[14] Dalam beberapa taun ke udah Afrika Selatan,[15] Botswana,[16] Namibia,[17] Etiopia,[18] enggau Sudan Selatan[19] udah berengkah meri jaku Swahili nyadi subjek ba sekula tauka udah ngaga perambu deka ngereja nya.

Shikomor (tauka Komoria), jaku rasmi di Komoros lalu mega dikena ba Mayotte (Shimaore), bisi kaul rat enggau jaku Swahili lalu kekadang dikumbai dialek Swahili, taja pan piak bekuasa bukai ngumbai nya jaku ke nyelai.[20][21] Dalam taun 2022, bepelasarka penumbuh jaku Swahili nyadi jaku entarabansa ti tampak, Gerempung Bansa Beserakup netapka Hari Jaku Swahili nyadi 7 Julai dikena ngingatka haribulan Julius Nyerere ngambi jaku Swahili nyadi jaku ti nyerakup ungkup pengawa beperang meredeka ba Afrika.[22]

Kereban sanding

[edit | edit bunsu]
  1. ↑ Thomas J. Hinnebusch, 1992, "Swahili", International Encyclopedia of Linguistics, Oxford, pp. 99–106
    David Dalby, 1999/2000, The Linguasphere Register of the World's Languages and Speech Communities, Linguasphere Press, Volume Two, pp. 733–735
    Benji Wald, 1994, "Sub-Saharan Africa", Atlas of the World's Languages, Routledge, pp. 289–346, maps 80, 81, 85
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Penyalat nyebut: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama e27
  3. ↑ Nurse, Derek; Spear, Thomas (10 June 2017). The Swahili: Reconstructing the History and Language of an African Society, 800–1500. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 50. ISBN 9781512821666.
  4. ↑ "Sadc Adopts Kiswahili as 4th Working Language". European Commission. 30 August 2019. Archived from the original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  5. ↑ Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
  6. ↑ Mugane, John (21 June 2022). "The Story of Swahili" (PDF). Center for International Studies, Ohio University. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  7. ↑ The Encyclopedia of the World's Minorities (ed. Carl Skutsch; publ. Taylor & Francis; 2013), pages 183–184: "The most important single [Bantu language] is Swahili as a primary or secondary language (50 million speakers)."
  8. ↑ "'It's time we move from the coloniser's language'". BBC News. 17 February 2022.
  9. ↑ Schadeberg, Thilo C. (2009-12-12), "1. Loanwords in Swahili", Loanwords in the World's Languages, Walter de Gruyter, pp. 76–102, doi:10.1515/9783110218442.76, ISBN 978-3-11-021843-5, retrieved 2025-03-07
  10. ↑ "Swahili language". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 23 July 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  11. ↑ Mazrui, Ali Al'Amin. (1995). Swahili state and society : the political economy of an African language. East African Educational Publishers. ISBN 0-85255-729-9. OCLC 441402890.
  12. ↑ Prins 1961
  13. ↑ "Development and Promotion of Extractive Industries and Mineral Value Addition". East African Community. Archived from the original on 21 October 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2016.
  14. ↑ Press Release on EAKC
  15. ↑ Sobuwa, Yoliswa (17 September 2018). "Kiswahili gets minister's stamp to be taught in SA schools". The Sowetan. Archived from the original on 18 September 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
  16. ↑ "Botswana to Introduce Swahili Language in Local Schools". 12 October 2020. Archived from the original on 22 March 2021. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  17. ↑ "Pandemic disrupts Kiswahili adoption plans". 3 November 2020. Archived from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  18. ↑ "AAU to Start Teaching Kiswahili Language – Ethiopian Monitor" (in Inggeris AS). 9 February 2022. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
  19. ↑ Mbamalu, Socrates (2019-03-13). "Tanzania to send Kiswahili teachers to South Sudan". This is africa (in Inggeris AS). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
  20. ↑ Nurse and Hinnebusch, 1993, p.18
  21. ↑ Nurse and Hinnebusch, 1993
  22. ↑ "UNESCO declares July 7 World Kiswahili Language Day". unesco.org (in Inggeris). 2021-11-24. Archived from the original on 30 July 2022. Retrieved 2022-08-09.
Diambi ari "https://iba.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jaku_Swahili&oldid=14064"