Gerija Katolik ba Filipina
Catholic Church in the Philippines | |
|---|---|
| Simbahang Katoliko sa Pilipinas (Filipino) | |
| Type | National polity |
| Classification | Catholic |
| Orientation | Latin |
| Scripture | Bible |
| Theology | Catholic theology |
| Polity | Episcopal |
| Governance | Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines |
| Pope | Leo XIV |
| President | Pablo Virgilio S. David |
| Apostolic Nuncio | Charles John Brown |
| Region | Philippines |
| Language | Latin, Filipino, Native Philippine regional languages, English, Spanish |
| Headquarters | Intramuros, Manila |
| Origin | March 17, 1521 Spanish East Indies, Spanish Empire |
| Branched from | Catholic Church in Spain |
| Separations |
|
| Members | 89,000,000 (2023) |
| Tertiary institutions | See list |
| Seminaries | San Carlos Seminary, San Jacinto Seminary |
| Other name(s) |
|
| Official website | www.cbcponline.net www.cbcpnews.net |
Sebagi ari Gerija Katolik di serata dunya, Gerija Katolik ba Filipina (Filipino: Simbahang Katolika sa Pilipinas), tauka Gerija Katolik Filipina tauka Gerija Roman Katolik Filipina, nya sebagi ari gerija Kristian ti pemadu besai di dunya ti di baruh iring rohani Paus di Rome. Filipina nyadi sebengkah ari dua menua di Asia ke ngembuan sebagi besai ari penyampau tubuh ke ngaku pengarap Katolik, begulai enggau Timor Timur, lalu ngembuan penyampau tubuh Katolik ketiga pemadu mayuh di dunya pengudah Brazil enggau Mexico.[1] Konferens episkopal ti betanggungpengawa ngatur pengarap iya nya Konferens Bishop Katolik Filipina (CBCP).[2]
Pengarap Kristian, nengah pengarap Katolik, keterubah iya dibai lanun Sepanyol, indu misi enggau penetap, ti datai dalam gelumbang berengkah ba pun abad ke-16 ngagai pulau-pulau Filipina di Cebu nengah chara kolonisasyen. Pengarap Katolik nyadi pengarap rasmi menua nya maya jeman kolonial Sepanyol; kenyau ari jeman kolonial Amerika, pengarap kemaya hari tu dikemeranka dalam konteks nengeri sekular. Ba taun 2023, dipelabaka 89 juta iku rayat Filipina, tauka kira-kira 80% ari penyampau tubuh ngaku bepengarap Katolik.[3]
Sejarah
[edit | edit bunsu]Jeman Sepanyol
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Kena 4 Mei 1493, Paus Alexander VI ngeluarka Bulla Inter Caetera meri pemendar ngagai mahkota Sepanyol ngaga mansik sereta ngalahka tanah besai enggau pulau-pulau[4] di Asia ti udah nya dikelala enggau nama Pasifik Sepanyol lalu midaka iya ari kandang endur ti diberi ngagai Portugis.[5] Pengawa mansik diperansang ketegal pengawa nginjil[4] enggau ngiga rempah.[6][7] Dalam taun 1519, Ferdinand Magellan mupuk ngagai Pasifik lalu tetemuka menua Filipina dalam bulan Mac 1521.[6] Kronikal Magellan, Antonio Pigafetta, beratika misa diintu kena 31 Mac 1521 iya nya Hari Minggu Ista di Mazaua lalu digulu Rajah Colambu enggau Siaui.[6] Dikena ngingatka nya, regang bisi didirika ba palan nya.[6] Bisi saru, taja pia, pasal Misa Keterubah ke bendar di Filipina[6] enggau dawa ti bebida ti madahka iya diatur di Butuan, Limasawa, Bolinao, enggau Homonhon.[6][8] Sida gawa nginjil ngagai orang asal Cebu lalu ngereja pengawa maptisa bebala mayuh.[4]
Mahkota Sepanyol keterubah iya meri pengadang pengawa nukar pengarap orang asal Filipina ngagai orang Augustinian. Ba taun 1564, konven Culhuacan di Nengeri Mexico mansutka waran pengarap ti numbuhka pampang keterubah gerempung nya di Filipina.[4] Dalam taun 1565, ekspedisyen Legazpi berengkah ari Nengeri Mexico lalu nyadika pun Hispanisasyen Filipina, berengkah ari Cebu.[4][9] Ekspedisyen tu nyadika pengawa dikena nguasa pulau-pulau nya enggau naka ulih mimit aja konflik, ti diasuh Phillip II.[10] Leftenan Legazpi numbuhka koloni dalam pengawa deka bebaik enggau orang asal[11] lalu ngulihka penaluk enggau jampat.
Enggau penyampau penjajah ti majak nambah, Sepanyol enggau Mexico nekan gerempung pengarap bukai ngambika enggau misi evangelikal ti dipunka orang Augustinian di Filipina.[12] Raban Fransiskan datai dalam taun 1577, lalu ditangkan raban Jesuit dalam taun 1581, raban Dominikan dalam taun 1587, enggau raban Pengingat Augustinian dalam taun 1606.[12]
Timpuh Amerika: 1898-1946
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Lebuh bala paderi Sepanyol dibuai ba taun 1898, mimit amat bala paderi asal nyentuk ke Gerija Katolik di Filipina nyau deka rusak abis. Di baruh administrasyen Amerika, gaya nya diselamatka lalu latih ti betul ngagai paderi Filipina dipejalaika.[13] Dalam taun 1906, Jorge Barlin dikuduska nyadi Bishop Nueva Caceres, lalu nyadika iya Bishop Filipina keterubah Gerija Katolik.[14]
Sekumbang Amerika Syarikat megai menua tu, perintah Amerika bejalaika pengawa nyerara gerija enggau perintah,[15] ti ngurangka kuasa politik ti signifikan ti dikena Gerija Katolik [15] lalu ngujungka pengarap bukai (kelebih agi Protestan) ditumbuhka dalam menua nya.[16]
1946–diatu
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Kaunsil Vatikan Kedua ari taun 1962 ngagai 1965 numbuhka ubah ti balat ngagai Gerija Katolik di Filipina, ngubah gerija Sepanyol Latin ti diterit ngagai menua nya nyadi gerija Filipina ti balat beurat ba budaya enggau jaku Filipina.[17]
Lebuh Filipina diengkah presiden ke-10 enggau diktator Ferdinand Marcos Sr. ba baruh Undang-undang Sedadu, kaul entara Gerija enggau Nengeri berubah enggau jampat, laban sekeda bishop enggau terang sereta tebuka mantah Undang-undang Sedadu.[18] Titik betukar nya nyadi dalam taun 1986 lebuh Presiden CBCP ti nyadi Bishop Besai Cebu maya nya, Kardinal Ricardo Vidal ngapil ngagai orang Filipina enggau bala biskop ngelaban perintah enggau pemutus pengawa bepilih besai ti nipu;[19] enggau iya maya nya-Bishop Besai Manila Kardinal Jaimé Sin, ti mantaika nengah Radio Veritas ti diempu gerija jaku kangau ngagai orang nyukung orang ti ngelaban rejim. Timbal rayat nyadi utai ke diatu dikelala enggau nama Revolusyen Kuasa Rayat, ti ngelepaska Marcos.[20]
Penyanding
[edit | edit bunsu]- ↑ "Philippines still top Christian country in Asia, 5th in world". Inquirer Global Nation. December 21, 2011.
- ↑ Abellanosa, Rhoderick John (2008). "The CBCP and Philippine Philippine Politics: 2005 and After" (PDF). Asia-Pacific Social Science Review. 8 (1): 73–88. doi:10.3860/apssr.v8i1.707 – via academia.
- ↑ Yraola, Abigail Marie P. (February 22, 2023). "Catholics make up nearly 79% of Philippine population". BusinessWorld. Retrieved April 8, 2023.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Robertson, James Alexander (1918). "Catholicism in the Philippine Islands". The Catholic Historical Review. 3 (4): 375–391. ISSN 0008-8080. JSTOR 25011532.
- ↑ Lee, Christina H.; Padrón, Ricardo, eds. (2020-03-23). The Spanish Pacific, 1521-1815: A Reader of Primary Sources. Amsterdam University Press. doi:10.2307/j.ctv10tq4hm.5. ISBN 978-90-485-5227-6. JSTOR j.ctv10tq4hm.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Field, Richard J. (2006). "Revisiting Magellan's Voyage to the Philippines". Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society. 34 (4): 313–337. ISSN 0115-0243. JSTOR 29792600.
- ↑ Doeppers, Daniel (1976-04-01). "The evolution of the geography of religious adherence in the Philippines before 1898". Journal of Historical Geography. 2 (2): 95–110. doi:10.1016/0305-7488(76)90249-8. ISSN 0305-7488.
- ↑ "Homonhon Island the Correct Site of the First Mass in the Philippines: A Book Review". Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Legal Studies (in Inggeris): 62–66. 2023-05-01. doi:10.34104/ajssls.023.062066. ISSN 2707-4668.
- ↑ "Cebu - Cradle of the Philippine Church and Seat of Far-East Christianity." International Eucharistic Congress 2016, December 4, 2014, accessed December 4, 2014, http://iec2016.ph/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Cebu%E2%80%94Cradle-of-the-Philippine-Church-and-Seat-of-Far-East-Christianity.pdf
- ↑ Scott, William Henry (1994). Barangay: Sixteenth-century Philippine Culture and Society (in Inggeris). Ateneo University Press. ISBN 978-971-550-135-4.
- ↑ "The Legazpi Expedition". Stuart Exchange. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Lawler, Thomas B. (1907-07-01). "The Position and Work of the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines". The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science (in Inggeris). 30 (1): 83–89. doi:10.1177/000271620703000109. ISSN 0002-7162.
- ↑ Donald Attwater.
- ↑ Ross, Kenneth R. (3 February 2020). Christianity in East and Southeast Asia (in Inggeris). Edinburgh University Press. p. 382. ISBN 978-1-4744-5162-8. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Sahliyeh, Emile F. (1 January 1990). Religious Resurgence and Politics in the Contemporary World (in Inggeris). SUNY Press. p. 143. ISBN 978-0-7914-0381-5. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
- ↑ Living Faith in God Iii / Becoming a Community (in Inggeris). Rex Bookstore, Inc. p. 119. ISBN 978-971-23-2388-1. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
- ↑ Amarante, Dennis C. (2022). "A Survey of Literatures on Post-Vatican II Liturgical Reforms in the Philippines". Philippiniana Sacra. LVII (173). University of Santo Tomas: 276,278. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
- ↑ Bacani 1987.
- ↑ Mydans, Seth (15 February 1986). "Philippine Bishops Assail Vote Fraud and Urge Protest". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
- ↑ Fineman, Mark (27 February 1986). "The 3-Day Revolution: How Marcos Was Toppled". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
Biblografi
[edit | edit bunsu]- Bacani, Teodoro (1987). The Church and Politics. Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines: Clarentian Publications. ISBN 978-971-501-172-3.