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Bansa Czech

Ari Wikipedia
Czechs
Czech: Češi
Penyampau tubuh
c. 10–12 million
(including Moravians and Czech Silesians)
Kandang endur ti mayuh mensia
 Republik Czech         6,732,104[nb 1]-9,246,784
Significant diasporic populations in:
 Amerika Serikat1,462,000[1]
 Jereman603,000[2]
 Kanada104,580[3]
 Slovakia45,711–89,000[4][5][2]
 Austria65,000[2]
 United Kingdom45,000[6]
 Argentina40,000[7]
 Australia23,000[8]
  Switzerland16,000[8]
 Peranchis15,000[9]
 Rusia11,000[2]
 Itali11,000[2]
 Israel8,000[2]
 Brazil5,000[10]
 Romania2,477[11]
 Portugal736[12]
 Korea Selatan518[13]
 Ukraine5,917-11,000
Jaku
Czech
Pengarap
Traditionally Christian
(Majority Roman Catholic,[14] minority Protestant and Eastern Orthodox)
Predominantly irreligious
(particularly Atheist and Agnostic)[15]
Related ethnic groups
Other West Slavs
(Moravians, Chodové, Slovaks, Silesians and Sorbs)

Bansa Czech (Czech: Češi; tunggal, jaku maskulin: Čech [ˈtʃɛx], jaku feminin tunggal: Češka [ˈtʃɛʃka]), tauka orang Czech (Český lid), nya raban bansa Slavic Barat sereta bansa asal ari Republik Czech[16] di Eropah Tengah, ke ngundan sama peturun, budaya, sejarah, enggau jaku iya nya jaku Czech.

Etnik Czech dikumbai Bohemian dalam jaku Inggeris nyentuk ngagai pun abad ke-20,[17] nunjukka nama menua sida ke suba, Bohemia, ke lalu diadaptasyen ari suku bansa Celtik Boii ke udah abis Jeman Besi. Sekumbang Timpuh Migrasyen, raban bansa Slavik Barat ngentapka diri ba kandang menua nya, "ngasimilasyenka populasyen Celtik enggau Jermanik ti agi tinggal", lalu numbuhka sebengkah prinsipaliti ba kurun ke-9, ke keterubah iya nyadi sebagi ari Moravia Besai, dalam tukuh Duchi Bohemia lalu udah nya Perintah Bohemia, ke dulu ari republik moden.

Diaspora Czech ditemu enggau penyampau ke tampak ba Amerika Syarikat, Jereman, Kanada, Slovakia, Austria, United Kingdom, Argentina, Australia, Switzerland, Peranchis, Rusia, Itali, Israel, Brazil, enggau Romania enggau menua ke bukai.

Etnologi

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Raban etnik Czech tu sebagi ari raban mit Slavik Barat ari raban etno-jaku Slavic ke besai agi. Raban bansa Slav Barat bepun ari raban bansa Slavik ke dulu suba ti ngentapka diri di Eropah Tengah pengudah suku bansa Jermanik Timur udah ninggalka kandang menua tu maya timpuh pemindah.[18] Raban bansa Slavik Barat Czech ngentapka diri ba kandang menua Bohemia maya timpuh pemindah, lalu ngasimilasyenka populasyen Celtik enggau Jermanik ke agi tinggal. Dalam kurun ke-9 Duchi Bohemia, ari baruh dinasti Přemyslid, ditumbuhka, ti udah nyadi sebagi ari Moravia Besai ari baruh Svatopluk I. Nitihka mitologi, apai pemungkal bansa Czech iya nya Aki Čech, ti nitihka legenda udah mai bansa Czech ngagai tanah nya.

Raban bansa Czech bisi kaul rat enggau bansa Slovakia ke besemak (ti enggau sida numbuhka Czekoslovakia 1918-1939, 1945-1992). Jaku Czech–Slovak tu nempa kontinum dialek ari ti nyadi dua jaku ti terang bebida.[19] Pengaruh budaya Czech dalam budaya Slovakia diperatika udah jauh tinggi agi ari kebalik iya.[20] Bansa Czech (Slavik) ngembuan sejarah ti lama begulai enggau bansa Jermanik. Ba abad ke-17, jaku Jerman nganti jaku Czech ba pengawa ngatur pengawa ba tengah enggau kandang menua; kelas atas di Bohemia enggau Moravia diubah nyadi Jerman, lalu ngemeranka identiti politik (Landespatriotismus), seraya identiti etnik Czech mengkang bisi ba raban bansa baruh enggau baruh-tengah.[21] Pengangkat Bansa Czech nyadi ba abad ke-18 enggau ke-19 ti ngembuan juluk deka ngidupka baru jaku, budaya enggau identiti bansa Czech. Orang Czech nyadi pemungkal Pan-Slavisme.[22]

Etnonim Czech (Čechové ti lama) nya nama raban bansa Slavik ba tengah Bohemia ti ngalahka suku bansa ke ngelingi ba ujung abad ke-9 lalu nempa nengeri Czech/Bohemia. Asal penatai nama suku bansa nya empu enda ditemu. Nitihka cherita tuai, iya datai ari tuai sida Čech, ke mai sida ngagai Bohemia. Etimologi Čech ti bendar enda tentu, enggau penatai ti pemadu suah bekaul enggau urat jaku čel- (kaban rayat, kaban belayan).[23][24][25][26] Etnonim Czech dikena orang Moravia dalam abad ke-19.[27]

Penyanding

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  1. ↑ "2004 survey". United States Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original on 11 February 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2014.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2019). "Immigrant and Emigrant Populations by Country of Origin and Destination". Migration Policy Institute. Archived from the original on 19 March 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  3. ↑ "Data tables, 2016 Census: Ethnic Origin (279), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age (12) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data". Statistics Canada. 17 June 2019. Archived from the original on 26 October 2017. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
  4. ↑ "SODB2021 - Obyvatelia - Základné výsledky". www.scitanie.sk. Archived from the original on 31 May 2022. Retrieved 2022-08-25.
  5. ↑ "SODB2021 - Obyvatelia - Základné výsledky". www.scitanie.sk. Archived from the original on 15 July 2022. Retrieved 2022-08-25.
  6. ↑ "Table 1.3: Overseas-born population in the United Kingdom, excluding some residents in communal establishments, by sex, by country of birth, January 2013 to December 2013". Office for National Statistics. 2 July 2015. Archived from the original on 19 January 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2015. Figure given is the central estimate. See the source for 95 per cent confidence intervals.
  7. ↑ "Čeští krajané v Argentině - historie a současnost" (in Czech). Velvyslanectví České republiky v Buenos Aires. 11 October 2009. Archived from the original on 24 March 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Joshua Project. "Czech people". Archived from the original on 26 May 2019. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  9. ↑ "Présentation de la République tchèque". Archived from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
  10. ↑ Czech in Brazil
  11. ↑ "Evolutia comunitatilor etnice in Romania. Judetul unde sunt cei mai putini romani, 12,6% din populatia totala. Cine se afla la polul opus". Archived from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  12. ↑ "Sefstat" (PDF).
  13. ↑ "2024년 9월 출입국외국인정책 통계월보".
  14. ↑ Official census data from the Czech Statistical Office:
  15. ↑ "Náboženská víra". Census 2021 (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. Archived from the original on 22 January 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  16. ↑ Gawdiak, Ihor. "Czech Republic: Early History: First Political Units". Country Studies. U.S. Library of Congress. Archived from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  17. ↑ Agnew, Hugh (2013). The Czechs and the Lands of the Bohemian Crown. Hoover Press. p. 442. ISBN 978-0-8179-4493-3. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  18. ↑ Kobyliński, Zbigniew (1995). "The Slavs". In McKitterick, Rosamond (ed.). The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 1, C.500-c.700. Vol. 1, C.500–c.700. Cambridge University Press. p. 531. ISBN 978-0-521-36291-7. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
  19. ↑ Tomasz Kamusella; Motoki Nomachi; Catherine Gibson (29 April 2016). The Palgrave Handbook of Slavic Languages, Identities and Borders. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 140–. ISBN 978-1-137-34839-5. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
  20. ↑ Berger 2003.
  21. ↑ Joshua A. Fishman (25 January 2001). Handbook of Language & Ethnic Identity. Oxford University Press. pp. 320–. ISBN 978-0-19-976139-5.
  22. ↑ Hans Kohn (1953). Pan-Slavism: its history and ideology. University of Notre Dame Press.
  23. ↑ Spal, Jaromír (1953). "Původ jména Čech" [Origin of the name Čech]. Naše řeč (Our Speech) (in Czech). 36 (9–10). The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic: 263–267. Archived from the original on 9 December 2012. Retrieved 11 October 2012.
  24. ↑ Čmejrková, Světla; Daneš, František (2010). "Czech". Revue Belge de Philologie et d'Histoire. 88 (3): 692. The origin of the ethnonym Čech (Česi or Čechové in plural) is not entirely clear.
  25. ↑ Dickins, Tom (2011). "The Czech-Speaking Lands, their Peoples and Contact Communities: Titles, Names and Ethnonyms". The Slavonic and East European Review. 89 (3): 402. As Spal has observed, the origin of Čech (Bohemian) is far from clear, but amongst the more plausible explanations is that it has the root čel, as in čeleď (family), and also člověk (person).
  26. ↑ Rejzek, Jiří (2012). Český etymologický slovník [Czech etymological lexicon] (in Czech). Voznice: Leda. p. 111. ISBN 9788073352967.
  27. ↑ T. Kamusella (16 December 2008). The Politics of Language and Nationalism in Modern Central Europe. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 501–. ISBN 978-0-230-58347-4.

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